Metabolic Response of Malus domestica Borkh cv. Rubin Apple to Canopy Training Treatments in Intensive Orchards

In this study, we used apple tree (Malus domestica Borkh.) cv. Rubin grafts on dwarfing P60 rootstock. Our planting scheme was single rows with 1.25 m between trees and 3.5 rows. The aim of study to determine the impact canopy training treatments, as a stress factor, metabolic response obtain key information how improve physiological behavior management growth development trees. results indicated that all applied treatments significantly increased total phenol starch contents in leaves. from 1.5- almost 3-fold especially during 2017 harvesting season, compared control. fructose, sorbitol, ratio chlorophyll b leaves also increased. Higher precipitation levels induced changes accumulation secondary metabolites fruits season. content but fructose decreased. We observed same tendencies phenolic glucose concentration fruits. Therefore, defense reaction might be preferred option for cultivation optimization its development.